The Main Features Of Arthshastra

Kautilya ka arthshastra 

The Main Features Of Arthshastra 

In the book of Arthshastra written by kautilya.  In this book the concept of a state how to handle some situations and how to build a great and Welfare state.

Wealth

The concept of wealth as held by Kautilya was very wide in its scope. To him, wealth included money,commodity, the acquired wealth, public or private property, precious metals, the accumulated wealth, negotiable and transferability and the power of appropriation. He also included labour and forest produce in wealth.

Varta

Ancient thinkers used the word Varta to mean the science of national economy. Kautilya included agriculture, animal husbandry and trade in Varta. According to Mahabharat, Varta was the roof of the world, a thing which was most essential for economic stability.

Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Agriculture and Animal Husbandry formed the important components of Varta. These were regarded as the basic sources of new wealth. Agriculture was given the pride of place among the occupations adopted by the people. Shukracharya was of the firm belief that by birth nobody was a Brahmin or Kshatria or Shudra. It was on the basis of their occupation that they are distinguished from one another. 

Labour

The ancient sages appreciated the dignity of labour for 100 years. Manu and Kautilya have deal with the methods for the regulation of wages and for the settlement of disputes between employers and workers. Kautilya did not recommend slave labour. But hired labour was there. Kautilya had laid down a code of labour discipline.

Trade

Gold and bullion was regarded as a means of producing wealth, and trade was the sum of industrialiesd capital. Kautilya devoted a good deal of attention to the problems of trade such as galation and development of trade by the state and the different taxes to be levied on the commodities that entered into trade. 

Value

Regarding value, the ancient thinkers of India seemed to have some ideas on value which are relevant to modern times.

Population

The ancient thinkers had no fear of growing population. The Vedas were for more married couple. Population could not grow beyond a reasonable limit owing to the high death rate due to constant wars between small states and loss of life due to the inadequate medical facilities. 

Slavery

In Ancient India, a slave was treated as a member of family, and was not asked to do a degrading work. A slave was a hereditary domestic servant who could not use his personal earnings and could not own property. 

Welfare State

The ancient Indian writers had a clear idea of the welfare state. welfare state is main  features of any state because any state they main aims to a society needs fullfill and this is important in every state .