Unemployment
Development brings about two kinds of changes in the lives of the people- increase in the income of the employed people and employment of the unemployed people where as in spite of rapid economic growth in India progress on both the fronts has been slow. These aspects were also accepted in the Economic Survey.After the financial crisis of 2008, the country's export situation improved, which increased the amount of employment in two sectors of the economy (cotton textile industry and information technology). But the current scenario is such that both these sectors are neither able to help in exports nor employment. The position of other components of the economy is also mixed.The manufacturing sector has improved but the Gross Value Added (GVA) of this sector has steadily declined. The condition of the textile sector, which is the largest employer after agriculture, is also not good. Not only this, there is also a crisis in the information technology and BPO sector.This sector is already in crisis due to domestic and international pressures and with it increasing automation is also holding back employment growth. Startups are not getting venture capital and the lending capacity of banks is sluggish due to rising NPAs.Due to the above reasons, employment growth is being affected, making it even more challenging to achieve the goal of financial inclusion and inclusive growth.
Challenges of generate employment in india
The Indian economy is growing rapidly, but the level of employment remains a problem.
The challenges at the level of employment generation are due to
- Concentration of economic activities in big cities only
- Lack of diversification in economic activities
- Decrease in the quality of education and training
- Less importance to the rural economy •
- Development of new areas not being done at the expected level
The contribution of the service sector in the economy should be more,while the development of industries should be more in the states with more population.
Challenges analysed on the basis of above points Is. That situation of employment is when many programs like 'Make in India' and 'Skill India' are being run by the government for employment generation. Apart from this, major schemes like National Rural Employment Program, Integrated Development Programme, Jawahar Rozgar Yojana,Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana, Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana, MahatmaGandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MNREGA) are already being run.
Tackling challenges
Rural unemployment is currently the highest, but it can be converted into opportunity. But this will be possible only when people will be given training in modern technology in relation to farming, horticulture,animal husbandry, plantation, repair of agricultural machinery etc.and rural construction programs will be expanded. Waste land will be brought under agriculture. This will increase the amount of employment in rural areas. The demand for good seeds, fertilizers and machinery has increased in the country. Many people can get employment in the work of selling and supplying them. It would be better if the Central and State Governments expand the Skill India Centers in rural areas. This will encourage weaving, mechanics, operation and handicrafts and employment opportunities will be created. Youth also get opportunity to improve their career in medical, real estate, education and training, IT,manufacturing, banking and other financial services etc., but this will be possible only when public and private sector will increase investment in it.IT new development centers are opened in small towns, it will lead to decentralisation of industrial structure and make the economy more self-sufficient. So far, grants and incentives are given only on the basisof production. It would be better to change this base and give them on the basis of providing employment opportunities.
Apart from this, if the banking group expands in rural areas, lakhs of people can get employment here. Similarly, in the health sector, the government can generate employment by promoting investment. Even today there is a severe shortage of health centers in rural areas. If the government expands these, then not only will employment be created but people living in remote areas will also get health benefits. The development of small industries is most important for increasing employment. According to economists, by investing the same amount of capital in small scale industries employ five times more people than large industries. Unemployment is not just an economic problem. It is a matter that is equally concerned with crime control and social peace. If unemployment continues to rise, it will erupt in the form of dissatisfaction.
No comments:
Post a Comment